|
Hackberry: Celtis spp. Ulmaceae |
|
|
|
|
Hackberry: Celtis spp. Ulmaceae |
|
|
|
The genus Celtis is composed of about 75 species native to the United States [7], Mexico and Central America [9], the northern temperate and tropical zones, and south Africa. The name celtis is the classical Latin name for a species of lotus.
Celtis laevigata* almez americano, American celtis, bagolaro americano, bois in connu, connu, lowland hackberry, micocoulier a sucre, palo blanco, sockernasslatrad, southern hackberry, sugarberry, sugar hack- berry, suikernetelboom, Texas sugarberry,
Celtis lindheimeri Lindheimer hackberry, palo blanco
Celtis occidentalis* almez occidental, American hackberry, bagolaro occidentale, bar alm, bastard elm, beaverwood, bigleaf hackberry, common hack- berry, false elm, hackberry, hacktree, hoop ash, huck, micocoulier occidental, nettletree, northern hackberry, oneberry, sugar- berry, western hackberry, western netelboom, zwepenboom
Celtis reticulata* netleaf hackberry, palo blanco, sugarberry, thick leaved hackberry, western hackberry
Celtis tenuifolia dwarf hackberry, Georgia hackberry, upland hackberry
*commercial species Distribution: The United States.
The Tree: Hackberry trees can reach heights of 130 ft (40 m), with a diameter of 4 ft (1.2 m).
General Wood Characteristics: The sapwood of hackberry is pale yellow to grayish or greenish yellow, while the heartwood is a yellowish gray brown to light brown. The wood is straight grained, moderately hard, strong in bending, but weak in compression. It also has high shock resistance, but lacks stiffness; gluing properties are excellent.
Weighta |
|
|
|
Moisture content |
Specific gravity |
Weight |
|
lb/ft3 |
kg/m3 |
||
Green |
0.49 |
50 |
801 |
12% |
0.53 |
37 |
593 |
Ovendry |
0.56 |
NA |
NA |
aReferences: specific gravity, green and 12%, (98); specific gravity, ovendry, (59); weight, (50).
Mechanical propertiesa
Property |
Green |
|
Dry |
|
MOE |
0.95 x 106 lbf/in2 |
6.550 GPa |
1.19 x 106 lbf/in2 |
8.205 GPa |
MOR |
6.50 x 103 lbf/in2 |
44.818 MPa |
11.0 x 103 lbf/in2 |
76.535 MPa |
C| | |
2.65 x 103 lbf/in2 |
18.272 MPa |
5.44 x 103 lbf/in2 |
37.509 MPa |
C ⊥ |
0.40 x 103 lbf/in2 |
2.758 MPa |
0.89 x 103 lbf/in2 |
6.137 MPa |
WML |
14.5 in-lbf/in3 |
99.978 kJ/m3 |
12.8 in-lbf/in3 |
88.256 kJ/m3 |
Hardness |
700 lbf |
3113.60 N |
880 lbf |
3914.24 N |
Shear| | |
1.07 x 103 lbf/in2 |
7.377 MPa |
1.59 x 103 lbf/in2 |
10.963 MPa |
aReference (98). |
|
|
|
|
Drying and shrinkagea
Percentage of shrinkage (green to final moisture content)
Type of shrinkage 0% MC 6% MC 20% MC
Tangential 8.9 7.1 3.0
Radial 4.8 3.8 1.6
Volumetric 13.8 13.5 5.6
a References: 0% MC, (98); 6% and 20% MC, (90).
Kiln drying schedulea
4/4, 5/4, 6/4 8/4 10/4 12/4 16/4
Condition stock stock stock stock stock
Standard T8-C4 T6-C3 T6-C3 T5-C3 T3-B1
Working Properties: Hackberry wood planes and turns well. It is intermediate in its ability to hold nails and screws; it resists splitting from screws better than from nails.
Durability: Rated as slightly or nonresistant to heartwood decay. Preservation: No information available at this time.
Uses: Furniture, millwork, sporting and athletic goods, boxes and crates, veneer and plywood.
Toxicity: No information available at this time.
Page url: http://www.yourdomain.com/help/index.html?hackberryceltisspp_ulmacea.htm
